CAROTID PLAQUES AMONG DIFFERENT ETHNIC PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE

Abstract

Introduction: Sonographic evaluation of the carotid artery is commonly used for risk assessment in stroke. These changes quite vary in relation to age, sex, and ethnicity, and other risk factors. The primary objective of the study was to find the prevalence of carotid plaques in different ethnic groups with ischemic stroke.

Materials and Methods: The study was an observational, cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the Neuromedicine department of the National Academy of Medical Sciences. The study included a consecutive sampling of the patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke admitted in the neuro/medicine ward or those visiting neuro/medicine OPD of Bir hospital.

Results: Among 80 patients, 26.3% patients were Brahmans/Chhetri, 11.3% were Madhesi, 10 % were Dalits, 25% were Newars and 27.5% were Janajati. The prevalence of carotid plaques in Janajati (20%) was followed by Newars (18.8), Brahmans (17.5%), Madhesi group (8.8%), and Dalit (7.5%). The mean number of plaque was higher in Brahman/Chhetri group. It was found that, around 21% of the cases had unilateral carotid plaques and 51% had bilateral carotid plaques. Janajati and Newar groups had a maximum proportion of bilateral plaques while Dalit had the least proportion (15% vs 2.5%). However, the difference among the ethnic groups was not significant.

Conclusion: The prevalence of carotid plaques, the maximum number of plaques, and the number of bilateral plaques were highest in the Janajati group. However, the mean number of the carotid plaque was highest among the Dalit group.